Work Engagement of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the health care system is facing quite serious challenges. The high of work intensity, exposure, and the mental burden can affect the work engagement of healthcare workers. Due to the pandemic, studies reported that healthcare workers experienced deepened tension that caused several mental health problems resulting low work engagement. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affected the work engagement of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This research was a scoping review study conducted in December 2022. The keywords used in this study were “work engagement,” “health-care worker,” “healthcare,” and “COVID-19” in the PubMed, Science Direct, and ProQuest databases. The criteria used were original articles written in English and published during 2020-2022. Outcome mapping based on PRISMA-ScR. A number of 19 articles were classified into job resources, personal resources, job demands, and demographic factors. Most of the articles were published in 2022 (52%), conducted in China (32%), had a cross-sectional research design (79%), and stated that healthcare workers are tied to work during the COVID-19 Pandemic (37%). The most common factors affecting workforce engagement found in the selected articles were job resources and job demands (47%). Healthcare workers’ engagement level during the COVID-19 Pandemic was classified as moderate and high. The factors affecting healthcare workers’ work engagement during the COVID-19 Pandemic were job resources, personal resources, job demands, and demographic factors. How to keep healthcare workers engaged in extreme situations like the COVID-19 Pandemic should be investigated in future research.