Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism fok 1 and vitamin D (25-OH)D status in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Vitamin D plays a role in supporting macrophage activation via vitamin D receptor. Polymorphism of Fok1, vitamin D receptor gene, can show the different level of susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).This research aimed to analyze the comparison of polymorphisms of the Fok1region of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and vitamin D status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with PTB. A descriptive comparative study of adult T2DM patients seeking treatment at the endocrine clinic, internal medicine clinic, and pulmonary clinic in two government hospitals in the city of Surabaya. The result showed that F allele frequency (63.3%), f allele (36.7%), FF genotype variation (40.0%), Ff (46.7%) and ff (13.3%) in T2DM group with PTB while in T2DM group without PTB obtained frequency of F allele (54.8%), f allele (45.2%), variation of FF genotype (33.3%), Ff (46.7%) and ff (20.0%). Polymorphism in T2DM group with PTB (60.0%) and DMT2 group without PTB (66.7%). Plasma vitamin D levels were found median (IQR) 20.26 (0.78) ng/ml in the T2DM group with PTB and 20.18 (1.25) ng/ml in the T2DM group without PTB. There were no differences in polymorphism in the frequency of F and f alleles, FF genotype variations, Ff, ff in the Fok1 region of the VDR gene, and the average vitamin D level between T2DM patients with and without PTB. Further research is needed on the linkages and gene interactions encoding macrophage activation proteins.