Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Bone Morphogenetic Protein Expression after Induced by Gurami Fish Scale Collagen in Bone Regeneration

Periodontal tissue damage due to periodontitis is irreversible damage resulting in tooth loss. Regenerative treatments using graft materials have now developed very rapidly. Collagen, especially collagen type 1, is one of the ingredients that can stimulate the growth of bone, it is now widely developed for regeneration. Development of collagen derived from fish scales can be used as an alternative regeneration material, especially for bone regeneration. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are markers of bone regeneration. The aim of this study is to observe the expression of BMP-2 and VEGF in the application of collagen of gourami scales. Thirty-two experimental animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, such as 7 days control group, 7 days fish collagen group, 14 days control group and 14 days fish collagen group. The expression of BMP-2 and VEGF was analyzed under immunohistochemical analysis. Expression of BMP-2 has increased in 7 days and 14 days group and expression of VEGF has increased in 7 days group but has decreased in 14 days group after application collagen type I of gouramy scales. Application of gouramy scales collagen (Osphronemus gouramy) can increase the expression of BMP-2 and VEGF, it can accelerate angiogenesis and osteogenesis.