Toxicity, stability and renal histopathology of alkaloid of jarong (Achyranthes aspera Linn.) (Caryophyllales: Amaranthaceae) leaf on mice

The aim of this research was to conduct toxicity tests, both acute and chronic, to determine the lethal dose (LD50) of the alkaloid of jarong leaf (Achyranthes asperara) and characterize histopathologic renal damage on mice (Mus musculus) in terms of congestion, degeneration and necrosis. Acute toxicity test was performed for 24 h on thirty 3-month old adult female mice, divided randomly into six groups, while chronic toxicity test was done for 90 days using 60 adult female mice, divided into two groups. Results showed that acute toxicity test at 15 g/kg bw did not cause death in rats and, overall, no major or irreversible histopathological changes were found in renal organs, suggesting that Achyranthes asperara alkaloid can be considered a non-hazardous substance. Direct heating stability test with UV rays and heating test with boiling water suggested no changes in the alkaloid’s color, texture/shape and pharmacological activity.