TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) Expression in pelvic organ prolapse
T2 - A literature review
AU - Anis, Amilah
AU - Kurniawati, Eighty Mardiyan
AU - Hardianto, Gatut
AU - Setyohadi, Tri Hastono
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Sanglah General Hospital. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Menopause is a physiological process as women get older. Urogenital syndrome, sexual difficulties, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are all common complaints among postmenopausal women, and these conditions can negatively impact their quality of life. There are still many unknowns regarding the pathophysiology and mechanisms of POP. Pelvic organ prolapse has been linked to the equilibrium of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is controlled by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Menopausal women experience a variety of symptoms due to hormonal changes, from urinary tract disturbance, vaginal atrophy, vaginal shortening, up to genital prolapse. Due to the collagen’s diminished contractility, POP happens. Matrix metalloproteinase is responsible for breaking down collagen, but TIMP prevents MMP from doing its job. In women with POP caused by the breakdown of the collagen network, MMP-9 exhibits the greatest rise. In order to preserve the health of fibroblasts and collagen in postmenopausal women, increased expression of MMP-9 and decreased expression of TIMP-1 are necessary, which results in a decreased incidence of POP. The expression of MMP-9 in prolapse patients was significantly higher than control patients. In addition, TIMP-1 expression levels were significantly decreased in prolapse patients. Damage to the ECM’s equilibrium is caused by increased MMP-9 expression and decreased expression of timp-1, which leads to clinical signs of pelvic organ prolapse.
AB - Menopause is a physiological process as women get older. Urogenital syndrome, sexual difficulties, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are all common complaints among postmenopausal women, and these conditions can negatively impact their quality of life. There are still many unknowns regarding the pathophysiology and mechanisms of POP. Pelvic organ prolapse has been linked to the equilibrium of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is controlled by matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. Menopausal women experience a variety of symptoms due to hormonal changes, from urinary tract disturbance, vaginal atrophy, vaginal shortening, up to genital prolapse. Due to the collagen’s diminished contractility, POP happens. Matrix metalloproteinase is responsible for breaking down collagen, but TIMP prevents MMP from doing its job. In women with POP caused by the breakdown of the collagen network, MMP-9 exhibits the greatest rise. In order to preserve the health of fibroblasts and collagen in postmenopausal women, increased expression of MMP-9 and decreased expression of TIMP-1 are necessary, which results in a decreased incidence of POP. The expression of MMP-9 in prolapse patients was significantly higher than control patients. In addition, TIMP-1 expression levels were significantly decreased in prolapse patients. Damage to the ECM’s equilibrium is caused by increased MMP-9 expression and decreased expression of timp-1, which leads to clinical signs of pelvic organ prolapse.
KW - MMP-9
KW - Pelvic organ prolapse (POP)
KW - TIMP-1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85176739173&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4785
DO - 10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4785
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85176739173
SN - 2089-1180
VL - 12
SP - 2729
EP - 2734
JO - Bali Medical Journal
JF - Bali Medical Journal
IS - 3
ER -