The Potential of α-mangostin on TNF-α and OSX Expression Post Inflammation Induction on Osteoblast: An Experimental In Vitro Study

Tooth extraction may trigger an inflammatory response of alveolar bone resorption. Therefore, socket preservation is needed after tooth extraction by placing biomaterial that could maintain original alveolar bone height and width until implant placement. The mangosteen pericarp is one of natural substance that many contains of alpha-mangostin which have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. Many research was carried out for speed up healing process by decrease inflammation and increased bone healing following tooth extraction, one of them it used alphamangostin. The aims of this study are to determine the direct potential of alpha-mangostin to affect the expressions of TNF-alpha as inflammatory marker gene and Osterix (OSX) as ostegenesis marker gene on osteoblastic 7F2 cell culture. Lipopolysaccharide-treated 7F2 osteoblast cell culture with or without alpha-mangostin are subjected to quantitative RT-PCR for TNF-alpha and Osterix. This study uses a post-test-only control group design by comparing the differences of marker expressions. Statistical analysis is determined with one-way ANOVA test. The alpha-mangostin promoted both TNF-alpha and Osterix expressions post lipopolysaccharide induction on osteoblaast 7F2 cell culture. The highest TNF-alpha gene expression was found in group that induced lipopolysaccharide and alpha-mangostin, and had significant difference in TNF-alpha expression between the group. The highest Osterix gene expression was found in group that induced lipopolysaccharide and alpha-mangostin, but there was not a significant difference in Osterix expression between the group. There is no effect of alphamangostin to suppress inflammatory cytokine production but promoted a process of osteogenesis on inflammatory osteoblast cells.