The effects of sintering temperature on dielectric constant of Barium Titanate (BaTiO₃)

Barium Titanate (BT) has been synthesized using solid-state reaction method. Raw materials are Barium Carbonate (BaCO₃) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂). These materials are mixed for 6 h and sintered at a temperature of 1000^oC, 1100^oC, and 1200^oC for 2 h. The sintering temperature was varied to investigate its effects on microstructure and dielectric constant of BT. The XRD patterns showed that BT becomes homogenous, with the large lattice parameter as the increase of sintering temperature. The crystal structure of BT is tetragonal. The crystalline size and crystallinity of BT at a sintering temperature of 1000^oC are 37 nm and 97%. Those values for BT at a sintering temperature of 1100^oC are 38 nm and 96%. At a sintering temperature of 1200^oC, the values are 41 nm and 97%. The dielectric constant of BT at a sintering temperature of 1000^oC, 1100^oC, and 1200^oC are 148, 163, and 185, respectively. It can be concluded that sintering temperature affects microstructure and dielectric constant of BT. High sintering temperature produces a high dielectric constant of BT. It indicates that crystalline size increases.