The Effects of Ag⁺ Ion in Osteoblast Cell Proliferation (In Vitro Study)

Silver ion had been known have an antibacterial power. Silver ion produce antimicrobial activity by bactericide and bacteriostatic power to support healing process. The speed of healing process is measured with the expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-2. BMP-2 is expressed by active osteoblast and could start the bone healing process. This study is a in vitro study with posttest only control group design. The sample of this study is human osteoblast cell culture with 6 amounts of repetition in 6 group. The assessment was done with MTT Assay method. The mean osteoblast cell was found in 1.25 ppm concentration. There is a significant difference between groups with p-value 0.000. Increasing silver ion dose in nanoparticle can inhibit proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast cell. Silver ion with fivefold concentration compared to the concentration used for osteoblast proliferation is proven effective in killing bacteria. Silver ion property as antimicrobial is effective in higher dose, but in 1.25 ppm concentration, it could increase osteoblast cell proliferation. Silver ion with certain dose could trigger proliferation of osteoblast cell, but silver could be toxic if it’s exposed to human body so further study is needed in dosage safety but effective concentration.