The Effect of Spiritual Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Self-Concept and Risk of Depression in Adolescent at Islamic Boarding School

The burden of the learning process and strict rules of Islamic boarding schools impact self-concept and the risk of depression in adolescents. However, there is very limited research on addressing academic pressure and its psychological impact, particularly the negative emotions and stress that significantly contribute to the development of mental health problems in adolescents in Islamic boarding schools. This study aimed to determine the effect of spiritual mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on self-concept and the risk of depression in adolescents.

The research design used was descriptive research. The population in this study consisted of early adolescent girls at Middle School (SMP) Darul Lughah Wal Karomah Islamic Boarding School and Badridduja Islamic Boarding School Kraksaan Probolinggo who were at risk of depression. The sample size was 219 adolescent girls, selected using total sampling.

The results showed that, according to a descriptive analysis, the majority of adolescents were at moderate risk of depression in the emotional dimension, at 32.4%. The self-concept variable indicated that most adolescents had a high self-concept in the self-criticism dimension, at 92.7%. Descriptive crosstab analysis revealed that adolescents with the highest self-concept had a mild risk of depression, at 37.0%, while those with moderate self-concept had the most risk of mild depression, at 34.8%. A systematic review identified 25 articles that could be used to improve self-concept and reduce the risk of depression. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was recommended for implementation by mental health nurses as an intervention to enhance self-concept and reduce the risk of depression in adolescents.