The effect of galing plant extract (Cayratia trifolia L.) on white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain with breast cancer through analysis of cyclin D1 and Cox-2

Introduction: Every year, cancer patients have increased. Disease recovery methods, such as by surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy, sometimes do not provide satisfactory results and sometimes provoke negative side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to alternate ways to overcome it by utilizing medicinal plants including galing plants (Cayratia trifolia L.). Aim: This study was conducted to determine the declination of the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) cells occurred after the galing plant extracts administration to adult female white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Materials and Methods: This study used true experimental design research method, employing a post-test design with a control group (i.e., the post-test - only control design group). Rats were divided into three groups (eight rats each): A normal group; a control group (breast cancer - conditioned rats that treated by carboxymethyl cellulose for 4 weeks); and the galing group (breast cancer - conditioned rats treated by C. trifolia L. extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight every day for 4 weeks). Results: This study obtained that the growth of cancer cells in the galing group was slower than that in the control group. Likewise, the expression of the COX-2 protein and cyclin D1 in the galing group was smaller in comparison with both the normal group and the control group. As such, it can be confirmed that there was a decrease in COX-2 and cyclin D1 protein expression in the galing group breast cancer cells versus the normal and control group ones. Conclusion: We concluded that C. trifolia L. can be applied as new alternative herbal-based medicine for cancer treatment.