The assessment of predictor risk factors of anastomotic leakage after hemicolectomy with anastomotic: A prospective study

Anastomotic leakage is one of the most concerning complications. The UK Surgical Infection Study Group in 1991 defined it as a discontinuity of the anastomotic, which connects between the intra-luminal and extra-luminal compartments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of anastomotic leakage after hemicolectomy. This study design used a cohort prospective observational. Patients who underwent hemicolectomy and anastomotic for cancer pathology at Soetomo General Hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia, between January 2018 and December 2022 were included. All patients who had colon anastomotic performed due to colon cancer met the inclusion criteria. Patients who were pregnant, under the age of 18, had incomplete or lost follow-up data, or both were eliminated. The total subjects in our study were 85 and anastomotic was found in 31 subjects. Anastomotic leakage was not found to be associated with any preoperative risk factors. The surgeon doing the procedure (p-value 0.02) and blood transfusion (p-value 0.007) are the intraoperative risk variables that significantly affect anastomotic leakage. In post-operative laboratory results, haemoglobin (p-value 0.007), PF Ratio (PO2/FiO2) (p-value 0.02), albumin (p-value 0.01), and CRP (p-value 0.01) are the variables that affect anastomotic leakage. Conversely, heart rate (p-value 0.01), body temperature (p-value 0.01), urine production (p-value 0.01), and retention (p-value 0.01) are clinical factors following surgery that affect anastomotic leakage.