TEM analysis of gold nanoparticles synthesisin glycerin: Novel safety materials in cosmeticsto recovery mercury damage

Nanogold or gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been widelystudied in the past 10 years because of their unique properties, such as catalysis, quantum size effect, and optical property. In the recent years responsibilities for the control and regulatory mechanisms increased to guard the utilization of GNPs into cosmetic products. On March 24, 2009, the European Parliament (EP) approved an update of EU legislation on cosmetics. The emergent applications gold nanoparticles in cosmetics related the current issue that mercury steel in cosmetics. Mercury is a common ingredient found in skin lightening soaps and creams. It is also found in other cosmetics, such as skin lightening soaps and creams, eye makeup cleansing products and mascara. The presence of mercury is bound to the thiol group on the cysteine residue is causing the function of cysteine and enzyme are not properly. This research is synthesis of gold nanoparticles use glycerin as matrix and sodium citric as reduction agent. TEM characterization result of synthesis used in this research to analyze form and size of the clusters. It was estimated that optimal size of interacting with the skin nanoparticles would be in the range 10-50 nm. Smaller tend to penetrate the skin more easily than large particles. Glycerin used in this synthesis because glycerin always present in cosmetics formulation than the result prepare for novel safety material in cosmetics. GNPs can synthesized with glycerin as matrix with diameter of clusters size 10-40 nm in various concentrate. This size of clusters can be used in cosmetic application because these clusters can penetration in pore of skin. The size of clusters bigger in higher concentration of GNPs. This phenomenon is caused aggregation process intra two or more clusters. Gold and Mercury (Hg) availably form binding with sulfur from Cysteine in human enzyme. Gold or gold NPs bioavailable in human but Mercury is not bioavailable, so that gold is allowed in cosmetics but Mercury is very dangerous in cosmetics.