Synthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose – Collagen – Glycerol as Artificial Dura Mater

The occurrence of head trauma could cause problems such as concussions. The occurrence of a collision sometimes could cause direct trauma that causes dural tear which if not promptly treated, it could be fatal. In the previous research, it has created the dura mater derived from bacterial cellulose - collagen, but the sample was too stiff and fragile. This study is performed addition of plasticizers with a variation of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%, to decrease the tensile strength. The test results of functional groups test using Fourier Transform Infrared showed that the test group had their functional groups of O-H stretching that provided information on the presence of glycerol in the samples of cellulose I and C-O bond stretching at 1053.85 cm^-1 which is an group I amide and indicates the presence of collagen. The best sample is sample with the addition of glycerol 0.3% with a tensile strength of 23.58 MPa. This value is corresponded to the standard artificial dura mater which was in the range 0.6 to 16 MPa and elongation value at 8.6%, according to the artificial dura elongation of 7-14%. In the cytotoxicity test, it was obtained a percentage of living cells above 50%, which meant that the material was not toxic when applied to the body and the most optimal degradation test was on the sample of bacterial cellulose - collagen - 0.1% glycerol for 14 days which was degraded 18.85%. The conclusion of this study was that microbial cellulose-collagen-glycerol is a material that has potential as a candidate artificial dura mater.