Synthesis and characterization biocomposite collagen-chitosan- glycerol as scaffold for gingival recession therapy

Gingivitis is considered high prevalence since nearly 75-90% of the world population suffers gingivitis in moderate category. The development of biomaterial in dentistry is divided into synthetic biomaterial and tissue engineering biomaterial includes scaffold engineering. Scaffold biomaterial engineering technique includes the development of tissue engineering and cell. The aim of this study is to determine the best compositions of collagen-chitosan scaffold by adding glycerol, marked by its mechanic characteristic. The synthesis process of the collagen-chitosan-glycerol scaffold is by freeze-dry method to form pores in the scaffold. The characterization of the synthesis was conducted through morphology test, tensile test, toxicity test, swelling test, and biodegradation test. Morphology test results in 50.89 - 143.5 μm pore size and thickness value of 412.0 - 514.9 mm which are appropriate for periodontal applications, especially gingivitis. The tensile test result is 0.46 MPa - 2.36 MPa and the highest value was seen on the variation of 0.46 with 2.36 MPa tensile strength value which is close to the value of UTS for periodontal. While the swelling test results in 1354.04 - 413.9%. Based on the characterization results in this study, the collagen-chitosan scaffold with the addition of glycerol is a potent periodontal scaffold candidate, especially gingivitis.