TY - JOUR
T1 - Subtype Distribution and Drug Resistance Patterns Among HIV-1 Strains Prevalent in Makassar, Indonesia
AU - Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah
AU - Megasari, Ni Luh Ayu
AU - Ueda, Shuhei
AU - Kotaki, Tomohiro
AU - Hidayati, Afif Nurul
AU - Nasronudin,
AU - Kameoka, Masanori
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2023.
PY - 2023/3/1
Y1 - 2023/3/1
N2 - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by a large degree of genetic variability because of high rates of recombination and mutation, sizable population sizes, and rapid replication. Therefore, this study investigated HIV-1 subtype distribution and the appearance of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in viruses that are prevalent in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The HIV-1 pol, env, and gag genes were amplified from 63 infected individuals and sequenced for a subtyping analysis. CRF01_AE was identified as the predominant HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Subtype B and recombinant viruses containing CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and/or subtype B gene fragments were also detected. Several major DRMs against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were found among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced subjects, whereas ART-naive subjects did not possess any transmitted drug resistance. The prevalence of DRMs was very high among ART-experienced subjects; therefore, further surveillance is required in this region.
AB - Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is characterized by a large degree of genetic variability because of high rates of recombination and mutation, sizable population sizes, and rapid replication. Therefore, this study investigated HIV-1 subtype distribution and the appearance of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in viruses that are prevalent in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The HIV-1 pol, env, and gag genes were amplified from 63 infected individuals and sequenced for a subtyping analysis. CRF01_AE was identified as the predominant HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Subtype B and recombinant viruses containing CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and/or subtype B gene fragments were also detected. Several major DRMs against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were found among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced subjects, whereas ART-naive subjects did not possess any transmitted drug resistance. The prevalence of DRMs was very high among ART-experienced subjects; therefore, further surveillance is required in this region.
KW - CRF01_AE
KW - HIV drug resistance
KW - HIV-1 subtype
KW - Indonesia
KW - Makassar
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150000336&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/aid.2022.0139
DO - 10.1089/aid.2022.0139
M3 - Article
C2 - 36656663
AN - SCOPUS:85150000336
SN - 0889-2229
VL - 39
SP - 124
EP - 129
JO - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
JF - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
IS - 3
ER -