Role of Hemin in the Immune Response of T Follicular Helper Lymphocytes Expressing T-Cell Immunoreceptor with Immunoglobulin and Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Inhibitory Domains, Programmed Cell Death-1, and Interleukin-21 in Allo-Auto Positive and Negative Thalassemia

Betty Agustina Tambunan, I. Dewa Gede Ugrasena, Aryati

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Introduction: Repeated transfusions in thalassemia patients can cause several complications, including alloimmunization and autoimmunization. Purpose: This study compares the immune response of T follicular helper (Tfh) lymphocytes expressing T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory domains (TIGIT), programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), and interleukin-21 (IL-21) between patients with allo-auto positive and negative thalassemia before and after hemin administration. Materials and Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design and was performed between April and November 2021 at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. It enrolled 29 patients with allo-auto positive thalassemia and 28 with allo-auto negative, and 9 mL of whole blood (WB) was drawn from each patient. Hemin solution (20 µM) was added to 5 mL of WB, incubated for two hours, processed into peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in RPMI media, and cultured with 5% CO2 for three days. The 4 mL WB sample was also processed into PBMCs. PBMC cells cultured and without cultured were examined by flow cytometry using a BD FACSCalibur after surface and intracellular staining. Differences in Tfh cells expressing TIGIT, PD-1, and IL-21 between thalassemia groups before and after hemin administration were compared using independent t-tests or Mann–Whitney U-tests (p < 0.05). Results: Tfh cell expression did not differ between groups before hemin administration and increased after hemin administration. The increase in Tfh cell expression was higher in the allo-auto positive group. TIGIT and PD-1 expression in Tfh cells did not differ between groups, but TIGIT decreased after hemin administration in contrast to PD-1 result. IL-21 expression in Tfh cells did not differ between groups and did not change after hemin administration. Conclusion: Hemin affected the expression of Tfh cells in both group thalassemia, but there was no difference of Tfh cell expression between the groups.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)7-17
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Blood Medicine
Volume14
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2023

Keywords

  • PD-1
  • T follicular helper
  • TIGIT
  • interleukin-21
  • thalassemia disease

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