Role of claudin-4 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in tumor invasion of colorectal adenocarcinoma

Colorectal adenocarcinoma is positioned as the third of most common cancer which the cases rise in Indonesia lately. More than 90% of colorectal carcinoma are adenocarcinoma type. One of prognostic factor of colorectal adenocarcinoma is invasion state of the tumor (T). Uncontrollable proliferation of tumor cell causes transformation of paracellular permeability that increase claudin-4 expression (a protein located on main integral membrane). Claudin-4 activation influence the expression and activity of MMP-2 directly or by altering transduction signal. Expression of claudin-4 and MMP-2 play a role in tumor invasion. Analyzing correlation of claudin-4 and MMP-2 toward invasion state of the tumor (T stadium) on colorectal adenocarcinoma. Analytical observation was conducted on 47 samples of colorectal adenocarcinoma with different invasion state collected by Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital during 2015-2018. Immunohistochemistry was conducted using both claudin-4 and MMP-2 antibodies. Expression of claudin-4 and MMP-2 were semiquantitatively measured then statistically analyzed. Significant result could be obtained in comparison between claudin-4 and tumor invasion state (p=0.773). The significant result could be obtained in comparison between MMP-2 and tumor invasion state (p=0.920). It also could be observed in comparison between claudin-4 and MMP-2 (p=0.638). In summary, claudin-4 and MMP-2 play a role on tumor invasion colorectal adenocarcinoma. It was showed by significant result between claudin-4 and MMP-2 expressions compared to invasion state of colorectal adenocarcinoma.