Risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) commonly coexist as global problems that affect the quality of life of millions of women. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Main body: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus based on the PRISMA flowchart. The quality of the study was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and data were collected on a modified table from The Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Seven hundred forty studies were found that matched the keywords. After the screening, 16 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total of 47.615 participants with pelvic organ prolapse. A total of 27 risk factors were found in this review. History of hysterectomy (OR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.22–3.33; p = 0.007), obesity (OR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29; p = 0.02), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.06–3.23; p = 0.03) were shown to be risk factor of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients. Conclusions: History of hysterectomy, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were found to be the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence in pelvic organ prolapse patients.