Recent updates of the oral benefits of mangosteen plant extracts: Review

Mainly in developing countries, herbal medicine has remained the mainstay of approximately 75 to 80 % of the world population. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) fruit consists of several active components with major bioactive secondary metabolites that are xanthone derivatives. Traditionally, mangosteen has been used as a remedy for anti-diarrheal, skin infection on account of anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory benefits which all lead to improving the general health. Nowadays, several studies discuss the benefits of mangosteen, on account of the fact that plenty of recent articles concerning the medical and oral benefits of mangosteen extracts abound. However, still no previous review (up to 2015) covered the oral benefits of the mangosteen. This review is new in that it addresses the recent updates of the oral benefits of mangosteen extracts. To achieve the study goal, this review covered recent published articles from 2015 onward, which focused only on the oral benefits of mangosteen extracts in use. The results reveled that oral benefits of mangosteen extracts have been widely used as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbes which were evaluated and discussed in this review. To conclude, this review highlighted and addressed the manipulations and oral beneficial effects of mangosteen extracts that were dependent on several active compounds. It is hoped that this review will be important and beneficial to researchers tackling the future challenges and developments on mangosteen extracts studies.