Rare Manifestation of Acute Blindness in Ocular Toxoplasmosis: A Case Report

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonoses worldwide. Clinical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis are highly specific. Atypical manifestations are not uncommon and are not always recognized as specific to ocular toxoplasmosis. Here, we present a rare manifestation of acute blindness in ocular toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent patient. Case Illustration: A 48-year-old female presented with a 1-week history of sudden blurry vision of the left eye. The patient denied any details about the redness or pain in the eye or the eye injury. Headache, fever, and abdominal pain were reported as the other symptoms. She has contact with the cat. The ophthalmological examination revealed abnormal visual acuity not improved by the pinhole and abnormal posterior segment. Anti-toxoplasma Immunoglobulin antibodies in serum were detected using a Chemiluminescence Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA), which revealed positive. The diagnosis of neuro retinitis toxoplasmosis was established. The patient started treatment with clindamycin, pyrimethamine, and methylprednisolone. After 25 days of treatment, the patient had clinical improvement which is normal visual acuity, Ishihara color testing, and posterior segment. Conclusion: Blurry vision can occur in ocular toxoplasmosis. Identification and adequate treatment can reduce the risk of permanent visual impairment, recurrence, severity, and duration of acute symptoms.