TY - JOUR
T1 - Promising alkaloids and flavonoids compounds as anti-hepatitis c virus agents
T2 - a review
AU - Rizaldi, Gusti
AU - Hafid, Achmad Fuad
AU - Wahyuni, Tutik Sri
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© the Author(s), 2023.
PY - 2023/3/30
Y1 - 2023/3/30
N2 - Background: Virus infections are presently seen as a major public health problem. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is recognized as a “silent killer” because the acute infection has no symptoms, and it develops as a chronic infection that causes hepatocellular carcino-ma and liver damage. The World Health Organization (WHO) pre-dicts that between 130-170 million people are estimated to have chronic Hepatitis C. Plants have various phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids that have prominent antiviral effects especially anti-HCV. The current HCV treatment still has limitations related to side effects and can lead to viral resistance. Therefore, it is necessary for the discovery and development of novel anti-HCV drugs for alternative and complementary medicine. Objective: This review intends to evaluate the alkaloids and flavonoids that have the potential to be used against HCV by look-ing at their classification and their mechanism of action. Methods: Twenty-one articles from 2010 to 2022 obtained from PUBMED database using keywords such as isolated com-pounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, hepatitis C virus. Results: 21 alkaloids and 37 flavonoids reported active against HCV. Alkaloids include quinoline, quinolizidine and isoquinoline. In addition, flavanone, flavonol, flavone, flavan-3-ol, flavonolig-nan, anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin comprise flavonoids. The berberine alkaloids and eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside flavonoids had the lowest IC50 with values of 0.49 mM and 0.041 nM. Conclusions: Alkaloids and flavonoids compound had good activity against HCV with various mechanisms. Our results pro-vide information of alkaloids and flavonoids to the researcher for the development of alternative and complementary medicine of hepatitis C.
AB - Background: Virus infections are presently seen as a major public health problem. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is recognized as a “silent killer” because the acute infection has no symptoms, and it develops as a chronic infection that causes hepatocellular carcino-ma and liver damage. The World Health Organization (WHO) pre-dicts that between 130-170 million people are estimated to have chronic Hepatitis C. Plants have various phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids and flavonoids that have prominent antiviral effects especially anti-HCV. The current HCV treatment still has limitations related to side effects and can lead to viral resistance. Therefore, it is necessary for the discovery and development of novel anti-HCV drugs for alternative and complementary medicine. Objective: This review intends to evaluate the alkaloids and flavonoids that have the potential to be used against HCV by look-ing at their classification and their mechanism of action. Methods: Twenty-one articles from 2010 to 2022 obtained from PUBMED database using keywords such as isolated com-pounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, hepatitis C virus. Results: 21 alkaloids and 37 flavonoids reported active against HCV. Alkaloids include quinoline, quinolizidine and isoquinoline. In addition, flavanone, flavonol, flavone, flavan-3-ol, flavonolig-nan, anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin comprise flavonoids. The berberine alkaloids and eriodictyol 7-O-(6″-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside flavonoids had the lowest IC50 with values of 0.49 mM and 0.041 nM. Conclusions: Alkaloids and flavonoids compound had good activity against HCV with various mechanisms. Our results pro-vide information of alkaloids and flavonoids to the researcher for the development of alternative and complementary medicine of hepatitis C.
KW - Alkaloid
KW - Alternative and Complementary Medicine
KW - Flavonoid
KW - Hepatitis C Virus
KW - Mechanism Action
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85153189514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4081/jphia.2023.2514
DO - 10.4081/jphia.2023.2514
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85153189514
SN - 2038-9922
VL - 14
JO - Journal of Public Health in Africa
JF - Journal of Public Health in Africa
IS - S1
M1 - 2514
ER -