Profile of ameloblastoma patients at Dr. Soetomo general hospital, Surabaya: A descriptive study

Background: Ameloblastoma is a rare odontogenic epithelial tumor affecting the jawbone (maxilla or mandible). According to the WHO in 2005, there are four different classifications of ameloblastoma: solid or multicystic, unicystic, peripheral, and desmoplastic. Despite being benign, ameloblastoma can seriously damage bones, resulting in deformity and even death. This research aims to know the profile of ameloblastoma due to limited data in Indonesia. Methods: This study is an observational descriptive study. Cross-sectional data collection was used. Information was gathered from the medical records of patients with ameloblastoma treated at Dr. Soetomo general hospital, Surabaya between January 2018 and December 2022. A descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the frequency and proportion of each research variable. Results: Forty-two ameloblastoma patients participated in the study. Patients with ameloblastoma ranged in age from 14 to 75, with a mean age of 39.6 (15.7) years. The majority of patients (57.1%) were female. The majority of the cases were mandibular ameloblastoma. Only 4.8% of ameloblastoma cases occurred in the maxilla, while 76.2% of ameloblastoma locations were found in the left mandible. Up to 97.61% of the surgeries conducted include extensive resection. Most patients (95.2%) with ameloblastoma had successful outcomes. Conclusion: Although rare, the profile of ameloblastoma patients reveals that there are still incidences of fatality, necessitating further discussion of patient mortality risk factors.