Problem in diagnosis and management of congenital anomalies kidney and urinary tract (cakut) in developing countries: a case series

Introduction: Renal anomalies represent 20% of fetal congenital anomalies. Earlier diagnosis can determine proper management during pregnancy, hoping for a favorable baby outcome, mostly in developing countries. Case Report: This is a case series of Congenital Anomalies in Kidneys and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) in 2022 at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. 15 cases of CAKUT (1,7%) were reported among 878 total deliveries. All cases are referral cases from another hospital. Sixty percent of cases are detected in the second trimester. The most abnormalities found were Upper urinary tract abnormalities (53% cases). Abnormal amniotic fluid was detected in 80% of cases. 73% of cases were delivered in preterm gestational age due to spontaneous labour, premature rupture of the membrane, and fetal distress-all of these cases un-survived. Only 26.7% of cases were delivered in term gestational age, and all survived. Abnormalities detected in survived cases were dilatation of the unilateral upper urinary tract and they had normal amniotic fluid. Conclusion: CAKUT has a good prognosis on type: unilateral kidney abnormalities, sufficient amniotic fluid, and was born at term gestational age.