Phylogenetic Molecular Analysis Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Patients in Surabaya, East Java

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) isolates are classified in three main groups: group M (main), group O (outlier) as well as group N (non-M/non-O). The HIV-1 M group, responsible for the majority of infections in the HIV-1 worldwide epidemic, can be further subdivided into 10 recognized phylogenetic subtypes or clades, A–D and F-K. HIV-1 phylogenetic classifications are currently based on nucleotide sequences derived from such as gag p17 region of the same isolates or on full-length genome sequence analysis. We do not know HIV subtype distribution in HIV suspected patients, in Surabaya, East Java. The aims of this study was to do molecular analysis HIV in patients with HIV infection, in Surabaya, East Java. Antibody to HIV were detected using 3 methods, paper and EIA (Acon) and ELISA (Axion) techniques from 51 plasma obtained from the patients suspected HIV infection, in Surabaya, Indonesia All of the samples were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using pairs of primers based on HIV gag p17 genes. The PCR positive samples were sequenced and analysed to identify the HIV subtype using Genetic Version 9 program. Fourty nine (96.08%) HIV antibody were detected from 51 patients suspected HIV infection and 57.14% (28/49) HIV RNA determination positives. All of 21 positives HIV DNA except one sample that have been analyzed was CRFs of HIV with mayority CRF01-AE subtype similar with HIV CRF01-AE subtype in Asia countries, e.g. Thailand, Japan, Malaysia, Cina and Hongkong. Those one sample has 18 nucleotides insertion look like a HIV new subtype but it is needed to confirm further. From gag p7 HIV gene in this study, one HIV has and CRF01-AE is majority HIV subtype in Surabaya, East Java which is located in the same branch with HIV common CRF01-AEHIV subtype in Asia.