Periodontitis Affects Skeletal Muscle Metabolism Through an Increase in Proinflammatory Cytokines

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity which attacks the gingival and periodontal tissue. One of the results of immune response activity in periodontitis is anincrease in proinflammatory cytokines both locally and systematically. An increase inproinflammatory cytokines will affect tissue metabolism, including skeletal muscle tissue.The mechanism of periodontitis in affecting skeletal muscle is still being discussed andstudied, this review will discuss the mechanism of periodontitis in affecting skeletal musclemetabolism. The interaction between bacteria and the immune system in periodontaltissues will activate the immune system and can cause an increase in proinflammatorycytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α both locally and systemically. The presence ofbacteria in the body's circulation and an enhancement of proinflammatory cytokinessystemically can affect other tissues in the body, one of which is skeletal muscle. Severalresearchers have proven that periodontitis affects the regeneration process, glucoseuptake, and recovery in skeletal muscle.