Optimization on survival and growth rate of African catfish (Clarias sp.) using water spinach (ipomoea aquatica)-based aquaponics system

The high rate of African catfish (Clarias sp.) consumption makes aquaponics system to be an alternative in overcoming the limitations of cultivated land. The decrease in water quality is caused by fish’s excretion which can influence fish’s life. Aquaponics system is considered able to improve this catfish growth process. This study analyzes the influence of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic) density on the survival and growth rate of African catfish in an aquaponics system. This study involved 672 African catfish which were then divided randomly into four different groups, namely P0 (without any water spinach in the aquarium), P1 (20 pieces water spinach), P2 (30 pieces water spinach), and P3 (40 pieces water spinach). The amount of fish and its weight were measured, along with water spinach density and water quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and ammonia levels). The survival rate of the African catfish observed from group P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 26.7; 75.59; 80.95; and 88.69% respectively (p < 0.05). The specific growth rate were 0.79; 1.00; 1.12; and 1.15%, respectively (p < 0.05). Water spinach based aquaponics can optimize survival and growth rate of African catfish. These findings support the ongoing aquaponic system which is considered quite easy with water spinach. This study suggests further research on the optimal ratio of African catfish and spinach plants that are more specific.