Multifactorial Culture-Based Intervention on Improving Self-Management of T2DM Patient: A Systematic Review

Diabetes education is an important aspect of diabetes management. In many countries with minority population, culture-based diabetes education is considered the best strategy to correct gaps in information delivery due to socio-cultural differences in each country. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of culture-based education in improving self-management in type 2 diabetes patient. We searched Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, CINAHL, and ProQuest for English-language, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), mixed-methods or quasi-experimental (QE) published between 2015-2020 that tested culture-based education to improve self-management in diabetes patients. The Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline was used to assess quality and Prisma checklist guided this review. Seventeen studies met criteria for inclusion in the review that comprised DM patients with cultural beliefs, have culture-based intervention, and using English language, and which used mixed-methods, randomized controlled trial and a quasi-experiment. We have found that culture-based intervention such as educational video and telehealth based-culture can improve self-management of T2DM patients. There is multifactorial culture-based intervention that can be applied to improve self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. The success of providing education can be influenced by several factors, such as patient factors, educator factors, and duration of education.