TY - JOUR
T1 - Mosquito populations originating from nonendemic areas have the potential to transmit recently emerging Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV
AU - Faizah, Astri Nur
AU - Kobayashi, Daisuke
AU - Azerigyik, Faustus Akankperiwen
AU - Matsumura, Ryo
AU - Kai, Izumi
AU - Maekawa, Yoshihide
AU - Higa, Yukiko
AU - Itokawa, Kentaro
AU - Sasaki, Toshinori
AU - Mulyatno, Kris Cahyo
AU - Subekti, Sri
AU - Lusida, Maria Inge
AU - Rohmah, Etik Ainun
AU - Mori, Yasuko
AU - Ozbel, Yusuf
AU - Sanjoba, Chizu
AU - Phong, Tran Vu
AU - Tu, Tran Cong
AU - Kasai, Shinji
AU - Sawabe, Kyoko
AU - Isawa, Haruhiko
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype IV (GIV) is one of the least common and most neglected genotypes worldwide, having been identified only on a few Indonesian islands until it was recently found to be the cause of outbreaks that occurred in several Australian states in early 2022. Given the limited availability of information, the vector range for JEV GIV remains unknown; thus, understanding this range could prove invaluable for future prevention efforts in new areas. Herein, we experimentally exposed four mosquito colonies originated from various countries with no previous reports of GIV to JEV GIV strain 19CxBa-83-Cv, which was isolated from Culex vishnui Theobald collected in Bali in 2019. At 7 and 14 days post-JEV GIV exposure through a membrane feeding method, mosquito bodies, head–wings–legs, and saliva were harvested for infection, dissemination, and transmission efficiency analyses. The results showed robust transmission efficiencies of the virus by Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (∼74%) and Aedes albopictus Skuse (∼52%) from Japan, followed by Culex quinquefasciatus Say from Vietnam (∼35%) and Culex pipiens form molestus from Turkey (∼18%). Although significant differences were observed, we found that the four mosquito species could transmit JEV GIV. The efficiency of biological transmission of this restricted genotype by mosquitoes from various origins suggests that these mosquito species could support localized transmission if the genotype were introduced to their respective areas. This study emphasizes the importance of remaining vigilant and continuing arbovirus surveillance in all locations.
AB - Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype IV (GIV) is one of the least common and most neglected genotypes worldwide, having been identified only on a few Indonesian islands until it was recently found to be the cause of outbreaks that occurred in several Australian states in early 2022. Given the limited availability of information, the vector range for JEV GIV remains unknown; thus, understanding this range could prove invaluable for future prevention efforts in new areas. Herein, we experimentally exposed four mosquito colonies originated from various countries with no previous reports of GIV to JEV GIV strain 19CxBa-83-Cv, which was isolated from Culex vishnui Theobald collected in Bali in 2019. At 7 and 14 days post-JEV GIV exposure through a membrane feeding method, mosquito bodies, head–wings–legs, and saliva were harvested for infection, dissemination, and transmission efficiency analyses. The results showed robust transmission efficiencies of the virus by Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (∼74%) and Aedes albopictus Skuse (∼52%) from Japan, followed by Culex quinquefasciatus Say from Vietnam (∼35%) and Culex pipiens form molestus from Turkey (∼18%). Although significant differences were observed, we found that the four mosquito species could transmit JEV GIV. The efficiency of biological transmission of this restricted genotype by mosquitoes from various origins suggests that these mosquito species could support localized transmission if the genotype were introduced to their respective areas. This study emphasizes the importance of remaining vigilant and continuing arbovirus surveillance in all locations.
KW - Ae. albopictus
KW - Cx. pipiens
KW - Cx. quinquefasciatus
KW - Cx. tritaeniorhynchus
KW - Japanese encephalitis virus
KW - genotype IV
KW - vector competence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85213996444&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/22221751.2024.2438661
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2024.2438661
M3 - Article
C2 - 39655411
AN - SCOPUS:85213996444
SN - 2222-1751
VL - 14
JO - Emerging Microbes and Infections
JF - Emerging Microbes and Infections
IS - 1
M1 - 2438661
ER -