Morphological comparative of osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae) from three sundaland island in indonesia using geometric morphometric

Morphological comparisons of freshwater fish from the geographical disconnection region can serve more effectively using geometric morphometric. One of the least affected species with a wide distribution on the Sundaland river is Osteochilus spilurus (Bleeker, 1851). A limited human-caused distribution was created by the lack of attention to this species and provided the potential for accurate morphological variations. Body shape and morphometric analysis were done using a photograph of a live or fresh fish sample from four rivers in Sumatera and Bangka – Belitung island. Body shape pattern constructs by SAGE 1.04 for landmark-based measurements, TPSdig 2.1 was used, and comparative analysis using Kruskal-Wallis. Morphometric and body shape differences happen on each island. Morphological plasticity as an outcome of adaptation reaction to water streams and predators is thought to contribute to this distinction. Fish harvesting and ancient geographical isolation possibly causing genetic variation but required further.