Molarity optimization of calcium hydroxide in the forming of bioceramic hydroxyapatite from nano coral by precipitation method

These days, hydroxyapatite as a biomaterial implant is immensely needed. The high rate of accidents, natural disasters, and bone cancer cases are the main reason for this situation. Fixing defected bones can be done by using fillers or grafts. This research aims to obtain the maximum phase of hydroxyapatite made from corals by optimizing the proses parameter of Calcium Hydroxide using Precipitation Method. Milling with High Energy Milling 3 Dimension (HEM-3D) was used so that the particles were nanometer-sized (64.93 nm) thus enhanced the reactivity of the particles. Results acquired from observation and calculations showed that sintering at 900°C consistently formed hydroxyapatite phase (HAp) and β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) phase. The largest HAp phase was 95.3%, which occurred when the molar concentration of Calcium Hydroxide was 0.85 M. The percentage of hydroxyapatite phase formed decreases as the molar concentration of Calcium Hydroxide rises. However, the percentage of β-TCP phase rises simultaneously with the molar concentration of Calcium Hydroxide.