Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Fucoidan from Sargassum plagiophyllum and its Activities

Background and Objective: Fucoidan extract from the Sargassum plagiophyllum brown seaweed are renowned for its anticancer and antibacterial activities. Fucoidan is one of the ingredients of S. plagiophyllum that can be extracted by conventional methods and new methods, one of which is microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Research on the extraction of fucoidan from S. plagiophyllum was still limited. Thus, an advanced experiment on how microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of fucoidan was conducted in this study and its activities against Escherichia coli bacteria and HeLa cancer cells were studied. Materials and Methods: Sargassum plagiophyllum was collected from the Gunung Kidul Coast in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Fucoidan extract of S. plagiophyllum was acquired by applying the MAE method at 600 W for 5 min and using hydrochloric acid as a solvent. The cytotoxicity and antibacterial assays were performed using the MTT assay and the agar plate diffusion methods, respectively. Results: The yield of the fucoidan extract examined was 9.90% (w/w), which consisted of 2.60% sulfate and 2.33 mg 100 gG¹ fucose. The finding indicated that fucoidan extract exhibits no antibacterial action and the cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell line was 27.82 mg mLG¹. Conclusion: The MAE technique was proven to support the fucoidan extraction from S. plagiophyllum successfully. Therefore, the fucoidan extract has proven to have promise beneficial in anticancer activity.