Micronas expression as novel markers for craniofacial exostosis

Bone exostosis in craniofacial is a nodule consisted of densed of lamellar bone which affected mostly in Asia and causing a disturbance in oral function especially during dental treatment application and other physiological functions. The recurrence after conservative surgical removing also tend to occur. The recent research in biotechnology, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), could possibly lead a breakthrough to connect the specific pathway to bone exostosis in craniofacial because the ability of miRNAs is being expressed to determine the oncogenesis of cancer. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by interfering with the translation of one or more target mRNAs. Thus, involved in many physiological/ pathological processes. Most cancers are caused by the dysregulation of miRNAs. Profiling the specific miRNAs for bone exostosis in craniofacial throughout focus to the recent literature regarding the development of miRNAs by using high-throughput miRNA quantification technologies review may suggest novel strategies for the bone exostosis/ tori in craniofacial area. Recent miRNAs studies for carcinogenesis mechanism also put an important information for cell to prevent the neoplastic activity. Some suspected genes mutation and dysregulated proteins prone bone to over mineralized in specific areas (foci/ ectopic/ tori). Mineralization process also under regulation of miRNAs expression to the specific target gene. One reckoned mutated gene causing bone exostosis called APC has a correlation to the expression of miR27. miR27 itself functionally found in osteoblast differentiation. Next, we also considered EXT1-2 also the target genes in bone exostosis that shown a pool of miRNAs expression. Furthermore, as we sorted and organized several suspected miRNAs linked to the pathogenesis of bone exostosis, which will be explained in detailed discussion, it may provide emerging concepts for future studies in miRNA biology in bone exostosis, which will be critical for developing new therapeutic strategies.