Microbiological studies on the production of antimicrobial agent by Saponin aloe vera linn against Streptococcus sanguinis

The Saponin extracts of the aerial part Aloe vera linn were examined for antibacterial activity in vitro against Streptococcus sanguinis. Streptococcus sanguinis, is a gram-positive bacteria mostly found in dental plaque. Mechanical plaque control by brushing is the most effective method for controlling plaque and also gingivitis. Saponins Aloe vera L, natural materials for the treatment and prevention of disease is a strong surface active compounds, considered as, one of the toothpaste composition and more acceptable by the body. Saponins or SLS induce to Streptococcus sanguinis bacteria and the minimal bactericidal concentrations determined by dilution method. The TEM is used, to evaluate the essential cellular function of Streptococcus sanguinis inhibited by the primary saponin-target interaction, whether they induce cell death (bactericidal drugs) or merely inhibit cell growth (bacteriostatic drugs). The variation morphological changes of bacterial cell, which is attributed to a whole cell wall with opaque cytoplasmic, cell wall separated from plasma membrane, plasma membrane rupture and event the cell wall peeled off revealed on the assays. Saponin Aloe vera L., extract was active against Streptococcus sanguinis with minimal inhibitory concentration value of 3.125%. The control group SLS killed Streptococcus sanguinis with minimal inhibitory concentration value of 0.78% in all repetitions. Saponin fraction Aloe vera L. can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis at concentration of at least 3.125%.