Macronutrient, physical activity, inflammatory biomarker, and lipid profile in obese adolescents

Introduction: obesity causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and hypertrophy which cause various health complications. This study aims to analyze macronutrients, physical activity, inflammatory biomarkers, and lipid profiles in obese adolescents. Methods: a cross sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Clinic, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya from July to October 2018. Subjects were selected using total sampling technique. Weight and height measurement were performed on subjects to obtain a BMI. Macronutrient data was obtained through food recall. TNF-α and adiponectin examination were performed by the ELISA method. Correlation between variables was analyzed by correlation analysis with significant p <0.05. Results: this study found 59 central obesity adolescents, consisting of 32 (54.2%) adolescent boys and 27 (45.8%) adolescent girls. Adiponectin has a negative correlation with total calories and fat. There was no correlation between macronutrients with TNF-α and lipid profiles (p> 0.05). There was no correlation between sedentary physical activity and TNF-α, adiponectin, and lipid profile (p> 0.05). Sleep duration has a negative correlation with TNF-α (p = 0.017; r =-0.310). Conclusion: total calories and fat had a negative correlation with adiponectin. Sleep duration had a negative correlation with TNF-α. Macronutrient intake and lifestyle can be used as an early detection of inflammatory biomarker abnormalities in obese adolescents.