Calcium (Ca²⁺) Oscillations and Intensity in Fresh Embryo and Vitrified Embryos Produced from Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

This study aims to determine the intracellular calcium profile and viability of embryos produced by the Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) method. In this study, there were 2 groups (T1: fresh embryos, T2: embryos post vitrification). The stages of the study included medium preparation, goat oocyte collection, in vitro maturation of Kacang goat oocytes, fertilization using the ICSI method, and examination of the calcium (Ca²⁺) intensity profile of fresh embryos and embryos post vitrification per unit time (sec). Measuring the intensity of Ca²⁺ using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) with time-lapse, taken at 3 points, namely point 1: edge, point 2: middle, and point 3: edge of the embryo sample. The fertilized embryos showed that the average calcium intensity of T1 was 334.62±8.60 and T2 was 408.2±13.67. The intensity of Ca²⁺ in embryos post vitrification is higher than that of in fresh embryos. The oscillation of Ca²⁺ in fresh embryos was in tune to the measurement point of 50 sec, while in embryos post vitrification the intensity from the 10^th, 20^th early sec and the 50^th end interval were not consistent. It can be concluded that the intensity of Ca²⁺ in embryos post vitrification is higher than that of in fresh embryos. The dynamics of Ca²⁺ in frozen embryos experiencing changes in intensity indicate a change in embryo quality due to vitrification.