TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy on EKC in SAARC Countries
T2 - Augmented Mean Group Approach
AU - Voumik, Liton Chandra
AU - Hossain, Mohammad Iqbal
AU - Rahman, Md Hasanur
AU - Sultana, Raziya
AU - Dey, Rahi
AU - Esquivias, Miguel Angel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - This study looks at the short- and long-term effects of fossil fuels, renewable energy, and nuclear energy on CO2 emissions in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries from 1982 to 2021. We assess the impacts of SAARC’s current and anticipated use of nuclear, fossil, and alternative energies by testing the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. The study applied the second-generation unit root test, cointegration test, and the newly introduced AMG technique to handle the presence of cross-sectional dependence. The results indicate that EKC does not hold in SAARC, and a U-shaped quadratic link exists between GDP and environmental pollution. The findings also reveal that the environmental pollution in the SAARC is caused by fossil fuel, whereas using renewable (REN) and nuclear energy can cut long-term pollution. While renewable energy is critical to minimizing environmental deterioration in SAARC, empirical findings also show that more than rising national wealth is needed to meet environmental demands. According to the results of this study, SAARC countries should take the lead in achieving sustainable growth and the efficient use of clean energy.
AB - This study looks at the short- and long-term effects of fossil fuels, renewable energy, and nuclear energy on CO2 emissions in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries from 1982 to 2021. We assess the impacts of SAARC’s current and anticipated use of nuclear, fossil, and alternative energies by testing the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. The study applied the second-generation unit root test, cointegration test, and the newly introduced AMG technique to handle the presence of cross-sectional dependence. The results indicate that EKC does not hold in SAARC, and a U-shaped quadratic link exists between GDP and environmental pollution. The findings also reveal that the environmental pollution in the SAARC is caused by fossil fuel, whereas using renewable (REN) and nuclear energy can cut long-term pollution. While renewable energy is critical to minimizing environmental deterioration in SAARC, empirical findings also show that more than rising national wealth is needed to meet environmental demands. According to the results of this study, SAARC countries should take the lead in achieving sustainable growth and the efficient use of clean energy.
KW - AMG approach
KW - carbon dioxide emissions
KW - clean energy
KW - energy development and developing countries
KW - environmental Kuznets curve
KW - nuclear energy
KW - renewable energy source
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151477471&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/en16062789
DO - 10.3390/en16062789
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85151477471
SN - 1996-1073
VL - 16
JO - Energies
JF - Energies
IS - 6
M1 - 2789
ER -