Impact of diabetes self-management education in middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disease, if not treated properly, will cause various complications. Entering the age of 40 years and above, patients with DM disease begin to show progress toward the occurrence of complications. Hence, DM patients need to know about the appropriate self-management of diabetes through diabetes self-management education (DSME). This systematic review aimed to identify the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education in middle-aged patients (40-64 years) with type 2 DM. M ethods: The research method used was a systematic review. A literature search was conducted on data based on Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO with the keyword’s education, self-management, diabetes mellitus, self-care, and middle-aged. As a result, there was 15 literature that met the inclusion criteria, including type 2 DM patients, diabetes self-management educational interventions, the output is glycemic control (fasting blood sugar levels, post-prandial 2-hour blood sugar levels, and HbA1c levels), quality of life, self-efficacy, blood pressure, psychological status, and self-care behaviours. Results: The results showed that the impact of diabetes self-management education on type 2 DM patients improved quality of life, controlled blood pressure, increased self-efficacy, psychological status, and self-care behaviour. Conclusion: The conclusion is that interventions in the form of diabetes self-management education have a positive impact on middle-aged patients with type 2 DM, and this intervention can be applied in healthcare settings. Subsequent studies with other methods and designs of study, as well as a greater amount of literature, are strongly recommended.