Hypoxia inducible factor 1α as key factor in wound healing post tooth extraction: An overview

HIF-1α play an essential role during inflammation in wound healing. They promote the recruitment and proliferation of fibroblasts, and express some of the key growth factors that stimulate angiogenesis, but its role in healing remains incompletely understood. In wounds caused by tooth extraction, there will be a repair process that includes soft tissues and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Healing tissue requires new blood vessel growth, via angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, to re-establish the vasculature necessary to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the injured tissue. For the alveolar bone formation, the role of Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is needed to accelerate the formation of osteoblasts. It has been shown that hypoxia stimulation regulates bone formation, maintenance, and repair. BMP plays important roles in osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation. Modulating HIF-1α expression may improve future management to accelerate wounds healing in soft and hard tissue post tooth extraction.