Greater return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction combined with anterolateral ligament reconstruction compared with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alone: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the return to sports, return to competition, Tegner score and anterior cruciate ligament-return to sports injury (ACL-RSI) scores between patients who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) combined with anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) and those who underwent ACLR alone. Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted a literature search in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library in July 2024, followed by data extraction and quality assessment. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. The return to sports rate, return to competition rate, Tegner score and ACL-RSI score were compared between patients who underwent primary ACLR with ALLR and those who underwent isolated primary or revision ACLR. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed via the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and methodological items for nonrandomized studies. Results: In total, 12,139 studies were screened, and 14 (four randomized controlled trials and 10 nonrandomized studies) studies were ultimately evaluated. Compared with isolated ACLR, ACLR combined with ALLR resulted in a higher rate of return to sports and competition. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found in the Tegner score or ACL-RSI score between the two groups. Conclusion: Patients who underwent ACLR in combination with ALLR had higher rates of return to sports and competition, but their Tegner activity and ACL-RSI scores were similar to those of patients who underwent ACLR alone. This finding may assist surgeons in making decisions when treating patients undergoing ACLR, especially athletes. Level of Evidence: Level III.