TY - JOUR
T1 - Gender Discrimination and Unfair Treatment
T2 - Investigation of The Perceived Glass Ceiling and Women Reactions in The Workplace – Evidence from Indonesia
AU - Sunaryo, Sinto
AU - Rahardian, Reza
AU - Risgiyanti,
AU - Suyono, Joko
AU - Usman, Indrianawati
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. International Journal of Economics and Management. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Women have rapidly increased their participation in the workforce recently. However, they remain underrepresented in upper-level management positions. Gender stereotypes hinder women’s career advancement, resulting in a glass ceiling – i.e., invisible barriers to their career development and achievement of leadership positions. This study analyzes the glass ceiling effect on organizational fairness and commitment, career prospects, and work engagement. A total of 201 working women in various government institutions in Indonesia completed an online questionnaire over a two-month study period. Data were analyzed using partial least squares. The results showed significant glass ceiling effects on organizational fairness and work-related attitudes toward career prospects, organizational commitment, and work engagement. When women perceive a glass ceiling in the workplace, they feel unfairly treated by the organization. Therefore, the perceived glass ceiling decreases women’s career prospects, organizational commitment, and work engagement. This study also found that organizational fairness mediates the glass ceiling effect on career prospects and organizational commitment.
AB - Women have rapidly increased their participation in the workforce recently. However, they remain underrepresented in upper-level management positions. Gender stereotypes hinder women’s career advancement, resulting in a glass ceiling – i.e., invisible barriers to their career development and achievement of leadership positions. This study analyzes the glass ceiling effect on organizational fairness and commitment, career prospects, and work engagement. A total of 201 working women in various government institutions in Indonesia completed an online questionnaire over a two-month study period. Data were analyzed using partial least squares. The results showed significant glass ceiling effects on organizational fairness and work-related attitudes toward career prospects, organizational commitment, and work engagement. When women perceive a glass ceiling in the workplace, they feel unfairly treated by the organization. Therefore, the perceived glass ceiling decreases women’s career prospects, organizational commitment, and work engagement. This study also found that organizational fairness mediates the glass ceiling effect on career prospects and organizational commitment.
KW - Career prospects
KW - Gender discrimination
KW - Glass ceiling
KW - Organizational commitment
KW - Organizational fairness
KW - Work engagement
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124266751&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85124266751
SN - 1823-836X
VL - 15
SP - 297
EP - 313
JO - International Journal of Economics and Management
JF - International Journal of Economics and Management
IS - 2
ER -