Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Ethanol and Chloroform Extracts of Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Leaves

Background and Objective: Piper (Piperaceae) is an aromatic plant, which is usually used as a medicinal and ornamental plant. The objective was to identify the bioactive compounds contained in the ethanol and chloroform extracts of Piper sarmentosum leaves. Materials and Methods: The leaves were washed under running water, dried and made in powder form and extracted by the maceration method. The extract was identified for its bioactive compound content by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The ethanol and chloroform extracts of P. sarmentosum contained 13 and 34 compounds, respectively. The ethanol extract of P. sarmentosum contains 3 main compounds, namely 1,3-benzodioxole, 4-methoxy-6-(2-propenyl), 1,3-benzodioxole, 5-(2-propenyl) and alpha-cubebene, respectively as much as 50.65, 25.19 and 5.15%. The chloroform extract of P. sarmentosum also contains three main compounds, namely myristicin, 1,3-benzodioxole, 5-(2-propenyl) and alpha-cubebene, respectively as much as 62.94, 13.92 and 2.34%. Conclusion: There are many types of compounds contained in the ethanol and chloroform extracts of P. sarmentosum leaves that can be prospectively developed to be utilized for biological activities.