Expression of HSP 70, Nf-Κb and TNF-α in Inflammation Response Post Dental Pulp Tissue Extirpation

HSP70 is a protein that is very important for the inflammatory response during root canal treatment. HSP70 can activate the expression of TNF-α which is a proinflammatory cytokine through the NF-κB pathway. The aims of this study was to analyze the immunohistochemical picture of inflammation response in vital dental pulp tissue after pulp tissue extirpation or intervention with LPS administration followed by pulp tissue extirpation. The immunohistochemical picture was analysed based on neuroimmunological approach by exploring HSP70, NF-κB and TNF-α expression in macrophages cells. The laboratory experimental study was conducted using 15 Spraque Dawley mice that were divided into 3 groups of 5 each group. Group(G) 1 as Control group; G2 was the pulp tissue extirpation group and G3 was LPS group followed by extirpation of pulp tissue. Sample of tissue were collected from dental apical field of the mandibular incisor. All specimens were examined using immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that there were significant differences in HSP70, NF-κB and TNF-α expression among groups. There was a significant increase in the expression of HSP70, NF-κB and TNF-α in all treatment group compare to the control group. There was a significant increase in the expression of HSP70 in G2 (Extirpation) compare to G3 (LPS &Extirpation). There was a significant decrease in the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in G2 (Extirpation) compare to G3 (LPS &Extirpation). The conclusions of this study were pulp tissue extirpation causes increased expression of HSP70 in the pulp tissue. An increase in HSP70 causes an increase in NF-κB and TNF-α which causes pulp tissue inflammation. The decrease in NF-κB and TNF-α after LPS administration followed by extirpation of pulp tissue is due to over expression of HSP70. Based on its molecular aspect, the extirpated dental pulp (vital dental pulp) demonstrated a more pronounced inflammation response compared to that of LPS induction followed by pulp extirpation (inflammed vital pulp).