Expression of bax, Bcl-2, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of rattus norvegicus lens epithelial cells as a new approach to compare the protective effects of anti-UV-B glasses and anti-UV-B contact lenses from UV-B radiation: True experimental study in animal models

The aim of this study was to analyze the protective effect of anti-UV-B glasses and contact lenses on the expression of apoptosis biomarkers in mice lens epithelial cells that received UV-B radiation. True experimental laboratory research was conducted on male Rattus norvegicus mice that divided into four groups and enucleated 3 days after exposure to UV-B. Measurement of Bcl-2 and Bax expression was done by immunohistochemistry analysis. Likewise, statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25. The results of the Bax significant difference test indicated that P1 (exposure without protection) differed significantly from the control group (p=0.003), whereas P2 (anti UV-B glasses protection) and P3 (anti UV-B contact lens protection) did not differ significantly from the control group (p=0.206; p=0.904). P1 differed substantially from the control group (p=0.007) according to the results of the Bcl-2 significant difference test, but P2 and P3 did not differ substantially from the control group (p=0.997; p=1.000). Group P1 was significantly different from P2 and P3 (p=0.011; p=1.008). Group P2 was not significantly different from group P3 (p=0.999). comparing the P1 group to the control group, the Bax/Bcl-2 significant difference test revealed a substantial difference, while the P2 and P3 groups did not differ significantly from the control group. UV-B radiation really affects expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and also those can be used as the biomarkers to measure the protective effect of UV-B radiation. Anti-UV-B glasses and contact lenses show similar protection to the lens epithelium from exposure to UV-B radiation.