Evaluation of Robusta Coffee Bean Extract (Coffea canephora) Efficacy as an Antioxidant in Mitigating Lead Acetate (Pb) Induced Alterations in Villi Epithelial Height and Duodenum Crypts Depth in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Exposure to lead acetate in the long term can cause health problems and cell damage. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of post-administration of lead acetate with robusta coffee bean extract (Coffea canephora) on the histotoxicity of the duodenum in25male Wistarrats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain. The study included five treatment groups: K(-) as the negative control, K(+) with oral exposure to 2 mg/kg body weight of lead acetate, and P(1), P(2), and P(3) receiving 2 mg/kg body weight of lead acetate followed by robusta coffee bean extract (Coffeacanephora) at doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Each group comprised five rats. The investigation aimed to assess the dose-dependent protective effects of the coffee bean extract on villi epithelial height and duodenum crypts depth in rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to lead acetate and the data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Measurement of villi height and duodenal crypt depth in this study showed that the antioxidant effect of robusta coffee bean extract (Coffea canephora), given in doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW that caused by lead acetate showed an increase in mean villi height and an increase in mean crypt depth although not significant in reducing duodenal damage.