Enhanced Osteoblasts and Collagen Production Using a Blood Cockle (Anadara granosa) and Lemuru Fish Oil (Sardinella longiceps) Granule Combination for Tooth Socket Healing

This study investigated the efficacy of a granule combination comprising blood cockle shell powder (Anadara granosa) and Lemuru fish oil (Sardinella longiceps) in accelerating postextraction tooth-socket healing, with osteoblasts and collagen as the key parameters. Forty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a control group receiving no treatment, a group administered A. granosa powder (treatment 1), and the remaining groups receiving combinations of A. granosa and Lemuru fish oil granules at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% (treatments 2, 3, and 4), respectively. All rats underwent intentional extraction of their lower right first molar in the mandible. After 14 days, the rats were sacrificed, and their mandibles were transversally sectioned. Masson trichrome staining was used for collagen analysis, whereas hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for osteoblast evaluation. Light microscopy was used for observations. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for osteoblasts and descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney tests for collagen, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The average osteoblast count significantly increased in the experimental groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). These counts were 6.901 in the control, 8.760 in treatment 1, 9.758 in treatment 2, 11.568 in treatment 3, and 19.950 in treatment 4. Collagen density scores for each group were as follows: control = 1; I treatment 1 = 1; treatment 2 = 2; treatment 3 = 3; and treatment 4 = 2 Mann-Whitney tests revealed I significant differences in collagen density between the groups treated with the A. granosa and I Lemuru fish oil combination at 20% (p = 0.025) and 30% (p = 0.041) concentrations. The combination of A. granosa and Lemuru fish oil in granules significantly enhances toothsocket healing when used as a postextraction treatment in rats.