Effects of lemongrass leaf on macrophages after tooth extraction of wistar rat

Lemongrass phytochemical test results shows that it contains alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, tannins, glycosides, proteins and terpenoids. The anti-inflammatory effect of lemongrass leaves is due to the presence of citral, flavonoids and alkaloids. Citral and flavonoids enables the formation of nitric oxide, through which oxidants play a pivotal role in the process of healing wounds and alleviating inflammation. Tooth extraction is a minor surgical treatment in dentistry involving hard and soft tissue in the oral cavity. It causes injury to the socket which then undergoes the healing process, if there is no obstruction, such as infection or inadequate wound treatment. Lemongrass can decrease the number of macrophages and lower the level of inflammation during the wound healing process. To investigate the number of macrophages after application of lemongrass leaf extract on post-extraction socket. 30 Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, 3 control groups and 3 treatment groups. Control group performed tooth extraction and was not given any extract. The treatment group performed tooth extraction and was given 0.6ml lemongrass leaf extract in the post-extraction socket. Wistar rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days. There were significant differences in the number of macrophage cells found in the treatment group versus the control group. Provisions of lemongrass leaf extract results in decreased number ofmacrophages. It demonstrates a positive effect in decreasing inflammation during the wound healing process.