TY - JOUR
T1 - Effective concentration of herbal anaesthetics Origanum vulgare L. oil and its effects on stress parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
AU - Bodur, Türker
AU - Oktavia, Ika Shaliha
AU - Sulmartiwi, Laksmi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2024/7
Y1 - 2024/7
N2 - Background: Using anaesthetics is an important application in aquaculture especially where the fish transportation, vaccination, grading, sorting activities and many other handling operations have been conducted during the different stages of production periods in the farms or hatcheries. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oregano essential oil (OO) as an anaesthetic for Nile tilapia and to determine the optimal concentration and post-application stress effects compared to clove oil (CO). Methods: Nile tilapia juveniles were exposed to different concentrations of OO (20–40–60–80–100 mg L−1) and CO (50 mg L−1) for different time periods to determine the optimal concentration and exposure time. After the effective concentration of OO was determined, in the second experiment, stress parameters (glucose, plasma cortisol) were analysed after 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h of application. The results compared to the control group and CO results. Results: The study found that OO which has carvacrol compound higher than 78% was an efficient anaesthetic for Nile tilapia, and the effective concentration was found to be 60 mg L−1. No significant differences were found between opercular beats in any concentration of OO and CO. Basal glucose level in blood without anaesthesia application and recorded at 39.33 mg dL−1 and significantly lower than OO and CO at first two sampling points, 0 and 2 h (p < 0.05). According to plasma cortisol level results, although CO experimental group showed secondary stress response at 12 h (17.91 ± 4.21 ng mL−1), OO and CO group cortisol levels decreased at 24 h after anaesthesia application 7.13 ± 0.14and 7.01 ± 0.54 ng mL−1, respectively, below the control group cortisol concentration (12.28 ± 1.81 ng mL−1). Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the aquaculture industry as the use of OO as an anaesthetic could reduce the stress and mortality associated with traditional anaesthetics. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of OO as an anaesthetic agent for other fish species and to determine the optimal concentration and exposure time for different species.
AB - Background: Using anaesthetics is an important application in aquaculture especially where the fish transportation, vaccination, grading, sorting activities and many other handling operations have been conducted during the different stages of production periods in the farms or hatcheries. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oregano essential oil (OO) as an anaesthetic for Nile tilapia and to determine the optimal concentration and post-application stress effects compared to clove oil (CO). Methods: Nile tilapia juveniles were exposed to different concentrations of OO (20–40–60–80–100 mg L−1) and CO (50 mg L−1) for different time periods to determine the optimal concentration and exposure time. After the effective concentration of OO was determined, in the second experiment, stress parameters (glucose, plasma cortisol) were analysed after 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h of application. The results compared to the control group and CO results. Results: The study found that OO which has carvacrol compound higher than 78% was an efficient anaesthetic for Nile tilapia, and the effective concentration was found to be 60 mg L−1. No significant differences were found between opercular beats in any concentration of OO and CO. Basal glucose level in blood without anaesthesia application and recorded at 39.33 mg dL−1 and significantly lower than OO and CO at first two sampling points, 0 and 2 h (p < 0.05). According to plasma cortisol level results, although CO experimental group showed secondary stress response at 12 h (17.91 ± 4.21 ng mL−1), OO and CO group cortisol levels decreased at 24 h after anaesthesia application 7.13 ± 0.14and 7.01 ± 0.54 ng mL−1, respectively, below the control group cortisol concentration (12.28 ± 1.81 ng mL−1). Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the aquaculture industry as the use of OO as an anaesthetic could reduce the stress and mortality associated with traditional anaesthetics. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of OO as an anaesthetic agent for other fish species and to determine the optimal concentration and exposure time for different species.
KW - anaesthesia
KW - glucose
KW - herbal oil
KW - plasma cortisol
KW - tilapia culture
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196086486&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/vms3.1492
DO - 10.1002/vms3.1492
M3 - Article
C2 - 38879883
AN - SCOPUS:85196086486
SN - 2053-1095
VL - 10
JO - Veterinary Medicine and Science
JF - Veterinary Medicine and Science
IS - 4
M1 - e1492
ER -