Effect of zingiber officinale extract and insulin administration towards soluble fms-like types of tyrosine kinase-1 in diabetes mellitus pregestasional rattus norvegicus models

The perinatal mortality rate increases 20 times in pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) women with preeclampsia complications associated with changes in soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) levels. The study analyzed the differences of effect of Zingiber officinale extract and insulin administration on the sFlt-1 level of Rattus norvegicus PGDM models. Rattus norvegicus were divided into five groups. The sFlt-1 level concentration was examined by ELISA. There was statistically significant increase of sFlt-1 levels in all groups (1.24±0.16, 1.58±0.12, 1.73±0.30, 1.98±0.47, 2.34±0.23, p = 0.001 for negative control, positive control, insulin treatment, Z. officinale extract treatment, insulin and Z. officinale extract combination respectively). There was significant difference of sFlt-1 between negative control and treatment groups and between positive control and treatment groups. The most different group was the negative control group with the insulin and Z. officinale extract combination with p = 0.001 in MD = - 1 . The presence of Z. officinale extract can be used as a single therapy or a combination with insulin for PGDM for decreased risk factor of PGDM, such as preeclampsia.