Effect of sweet potato anthocyanin (Ipomoea batatas L.) on levels of follicle stimulating hormone and folliculogenesis in rattus norvegicus exposed to cigarette smoke

Cigarette smoke is one of the exogenous free radicals that can enter the blood circulation so that it can disrupt all body cells and tissues, including the reproductive organs. The anthocyanin in purple sweet potato is one of the bioactive that can counter free radicals. This study was conducted to prove the effect of anthocyanin in purple sweet potato from Gunung Kawi cultivar on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and folliculogenesis levels on Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This study was an experimental study with Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design, using 30 female Wistar rats aged 1-2 months weighing 150-200g. The rats were divided into three groups of where they were exposed to cigarette smoke and administered with anthocyanin (each group with the doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg/ kgbw/day). One positive control group was exposed to cigarette smoke without being administered with anthocyanin for 56 days, and one more group served as a negative control. The FSH levels in the serum were measured by employing the ELISA method, and the folliculogenesis (follicle amount and number of ovary follicular granulosa cells) was measured from histopathological slides with Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results indicated that anthocyanin in purple sweet potato significantly increased the FSH levels, the follicle amount and the number of primary follicular granulosa cell, secondary, and Graafian on female Wistar rat ovaries exposed to cigarette smoke with a p-value of less than 0.05. To ensure the anthocyanin dose that had maximum effect, more research is required with more dose variations and chronic toxicity tests for the safety of the anthocyanin in purple sweet potato of Gunung Kawi cultivar.