Effect of natrium diclofenac in degrading fibrosis on human lens epithelial cell (HLEC) in congenital cataract eye to prevent posterior capsule opacification

Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO) is the most common long-term complication following cataract surgery. It is a primary response of the remaining anterior lens epithelial cell (LEC) in undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like change. This EMT refers to a change in phenotype from an epithelial to fibrocytic morphology accompanied by aberrant basement membrane synthesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of natrium diclofenac on cell contractility, collagen synthesis and degradation in LEC. The anterior capsule with attached LECs was obtained through anterior capsulotomy during cataract surgery was cultured directly without cell dispersion. When the culture became confluent in appearance, natrium diclofenac at various concentrations was added tothe incubation medium. Collagen synthesis and degradation were determined by Sirius red binding assay, while cell contractility was analyzed by collagen gel assay. The differences in the cell contractility, collagen synthesis and degradation among the three groups were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis test followed by post hoc test with 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). The lowest level of collagen synthesis was observed in the 200 μg/ml natrium diclofenac group at 5.625±2.33 ug/mL, followed by 100 μg/ml with 12.75±4.03 ug/mL and then the 30 μg/ml with 19±6.15 ug/mL. But in the control group with 10% FBS deposited 27.0833±4.51 ug/mL collagen (p = 0.000). Also, there was a significant increase in the degradation of collagen starting with the group with 200μg/ml natrium diclofenac at 2160±246.2 ug/mL, then 100μg/ml group at 1793.3±1001.3 ug/mL and finally the group with 30μg/ml natrium diclofenac at 1783.3±129.87 ug/mL compared with 10% FBS control group at 1060±136.75 ug/mL (p = 0.00). Furthermore, the lowest cell contractility was in the group with 200μg/ml natrium diclofenac at 11.2600±1.66%, however, it was 40.9183±6.67%, with the 10% FBS control group (p = 0.004). Natrium diclofenac might help prevent posterior capsule opacification.